Lithium iron phosphate battery VS lithium ternary battery, who is king?
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2023/03/21 10:54:26
The two materials break down when they reach a certain temperature. The terihydric material breaks down at a lower temperature of about 200 degrees, while the lithium iron phosphate material breaks down at about 800 degrees. Moreover, the chemical reaction of ternary lithium materials is more intense, which will release oxygen molecules, and the electrolyte will burn rapidly under the action of high temperature, resulting in a chain reaction. To put it simply, ternary lithium is more likely to catch fire than lithium iron phosphate. It's important to note, though, that we're talking about materials, not finished batteries. Lithium iron phosphate battery is much more stable, even if the panel puncture, short circuit will not explode and burn, under the high temperature of 350℃ will not catch fire (three-way lithium battery can not withstand 180-250℃). So in terms of safety performance, lithium iron phosphate battery is superior.
But lithium iron phosphate battery has a fatal shortcoming, that is, low temperature performance is poor, a capacity of 3500mAh battery, if working in the -10℃ environment, after less than 100 charge and discharge cycles, the power will be sharply attenuated to 500mAh, basically scrapped. So in the north, the battery condition is really worrying.
From the current market development situation, the installed growth of lithium iron phosphate battery is expected to be higher than that of three-way lithium battery, "optimistic forecast, domestic market lithium iron phosphate battery is expected to reach 70%." However, from the perspective of materials, the energy density of lithium iron phosphate batteries has not much room to increase, which is likely to limit its future application scenarios.
At the same time, the future new energy vehicle market is expected to be more segmsegmed. In the short-range low-speed or short-range electric vehicle market, lithium iron phosphate battery is likely to maintain the mainstream position, but for long-range or other vehicles, three-way lithium battery is also expected to maintain a certain advantage.
In addition to the current "two parts of the world" three-way lithium battery and lithium iron phosphate battery, lithium manganese iron phosphate, solid state battery, lithium manganese rich battery, sodium ion battery and other new battery technology route is also worthy of attention!
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